Common Vaccine Side Effects

Most vaccine side effects are mild and resolve within a few days. Common side effects include:

• Soreness, redness, or swelling at the injection site
• Mild fever (usually below 101°F/38.3°C)
• Fatigue or tiredness
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Chills
• Nausea (less common)

Why Side Effects Occur

Vaccine side effects are a sign that your immune system is responding to the vaccine and building protection against the disease. They are not a sign that the vaccine is harming you. The discomfort is temporary and is far outweighed by the protection the vaccine provides. Most side effects resolve within 1 to 3 days.

Managing Common Side Effects

For injection site soreness, applying a cool, damp cloth to the area can help reduce discomfort. Moving your arm gently can also help reduce soreness.

For fever, fatigue, and muscle aches, over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can help. Drink plenty of fluids and rest as needed. Consult your healthcare provider before taking any medication if you have medical conditions that affect medication use.

Rare but Serious Adverse Reactions

Serious adverse reactions to vaccines are rare but can occur. Signs of a serious reaction include:

• High fever (above 104°F/40°C)
• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Rapid heartbeat
• Dizziness or fainting
• Swelling of the face, lips, or throat
• Hives or widespread rash
• Severe pain or swelling at the injection site
• Seizures

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you experience any signs of a serious adverse reaction after your immigration medical exam, seek medical attention immediately or call 911. For milder symptoms that concern you, contact our office. All serious adverse reactions should be reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Do not let concerns about side effects prevent you from completing your required vaccinations — the risks of the diseases vaccines prevent are far greater than the risks of the vaccines themselves.