Tdap Vaccine Requirement for Immigration

The Tdap vaccine — which protects against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough) — is required for immigration applicants who have not previously received a Tdap vaccine. ACIP recommends one dose of Tdap for all adults who have not previously received it, followed by a Td (tetanus and diphtheria) booster every 10 years. For immigration purposes, USCIS requires documentation of Tdap vaccination and Td boosters on the recommended schedule.

Tdap vs. Td: Understanding the Difference

Tdap and Td are related but distinct vaccines. Tdap contains protection against tetanus, diphtheria, AND pertussis (whooping cough). Td contains protection against tetanus and diphtheria only, without the pertussis component.

ACIP recommends that all adults receive one dose of Tdap (if they have never received it) and then Td boosters every 10 years. For immigration purposes, you need documentation of both the Tdap dose and any required Td boosters. If you have only received Td boosters but never a Tdap, you will need one dose of Tdap.

Pertussis Protection and Public Health

Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly contagious respiratory illness that can be life-threatening for infants. USCIS places particular emphasis on pertussis protection because unvaccinated adults can transmit the disease to vulnerable infants who are too young to be fully vaccinated. If you will be living with or caring for infants, ensuring your Tdap vaccination is up to date is especially important.

Tdap During Pregnancy

ACIP recommends that pregnant women receive a Tdap vaccine during each pregnancy, ideally between 27 and 36 weeks of gestation. This provides passive immunity to the newborn before the infant can receive their own vaccines. If you are pregnant and applying for immigration, discuss your Tdap vaccination status with the civil surgeon.

Documenting Your Tdap and Td History

Bring all vaccination records to your immigration medical exam, including records of any Tdap or Td doses you have received. If you received tetanus shots in the past but are unsure whether they were Tdap or Td, your healthcare provider may have records. If you cannot document a Tdap dose, you will need to receive one at your immigration medical exam.